This blog will teach you an easy method for remembering the endocrine glands and explain how they use hormones to create homeostasis. Use this blog, video tutorial and mock questions to prepare for your L3 Anatomy Exam.
You’ll discover:
- The function of the Endocrine system
- 8 Minute Video tutorial explaining the endocrine glands
- How to remember the endocrine glands
- The difference between Insulin and Glucagon?
- Mock Questions and answers to test your knowledge
What is the function of the Endocrine System?
The endocrine system works with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis or ‘same state’. The peripheral nervous system collects information regarding the state of the body.
If it is anything other than a normal steady-state, a signal is sent to the CNS (central nervous system) to make a decision. It is at this point that a signal is sent to the major Endocrine glands so they can secrete the relevant hormones which will restore homeostasis in the body.
WATCH: What Are The Endocrine System Glands?
What do the Endocrine system glands do?
- Secrete hormones
- Help maintain homeostasis
What do the Hormones do?
Hormones are chemical messengers released from the Endocrine Glands. They control key functions of our body, everything from water levels and metabolism to energy release and fat storage.#
They are secreted directly into the blood, which carries them to organs, muscles, and tissues of the body to take action and maintain homeostasis.
Hormones Include:
Growth hormone, Thyroxine, Catecholamines, Oestrogen, Testosterone, Insulin and Glucagon
A quick way to remember the 7 Endocrine Glands
There are many endocrine glands in the body, however for your level 3 Anatomy and Physiology Exam, you need to know about 7 of these. To help you remember all 7 and the approximate location of them, use this acronym.
PT PAPOT:
Imagine a Personal Trainer whose last name is Papot. It may sound random but stay with me here, as it will help you remember them.
The PT PAPOT acronym has one letter for each of the 7 endocrine system glands that you need to know for your exam. They are also in order from highest (most superior) to lowest (most inferior).
One Gland Two Functions
Each gland has multiple hormones that are secreted to create a different response. Usually these work opposite each other, for example, Insulin and Glycogen are both released from the Pancreas and help maintain the right glucose levels in the blood.
Insulin:
It is a hormone, secreted from our Pancreas when our blood sugar levels are high or rising. It operates like a key, unlocking the cells, to allow glucose to go IN to the cells (muscles, liver and fat cells).
Without Insulin our blood sugar levels would just keep on rising. High blood glucose is called Hyperglycaemia. This causes A LOT of physiological problems and eventually coma or death
Glucagon:
It is a hormone, secreted from our Pancreas when our blood sugar levels are LOW or falling. It allows stored Glycogen to exit storage in the cells (muscles, liver and fat cells) and be released into the blood as Glucose.
Without Glucagon our blood sugar levels would just keep on falling. Low blood glucose is called Hypoglycaemia.
What do I need to know for the L3 Anatomy exam?
In order to be prepared for your exam, you need to know three key areas of information about each of these 7 endocrine glands:
- The name and location
- The hormones secreted
- The role of each hormone
Test your knowledge with three L3 Anatomy Mock Questions
Look at the Mock Questions below and jot down your answer on a scrap paper or as a note on your phone.
Then scroll down to reveal the answers.
Q1. Which hormone increases blood glucose levels during hypoglycaemia?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Glycogen
D. Testosterone
Q2. Which of the following is not an Endocrine Gland?
A. Pituitary Gland
B. Testes
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
Q3. Which Endocrine Gland is positioned above the Kidneys?
A. Pancreas
B. Testes
C. Ovaries
D. Adrenal Gland
Answers:
Q1: = B
Q2: = C
Q3: = D
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