Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers For Beginners

Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers for Beginners

Today you’ll uncover 24 Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers for Beginners.

If you’ve never studied anatomy before, this blog is designed for you. This blog includes 24 questions and answers mapped directly to the Level 2 Anatomy and Physiology exam for gym instructors. Understanding these fundamentals is essential not only for passing your exam but also for building a solid foundation for your career in fitness and health.

Each question is divided into the 12 modules that appear in your level 2 exam. Work your way through all questions and note down your answers, then access the answers and explanations at the bottom of the blog.

Plus there is a bonus video at the bottom of today’s blog to help you break down complex exam questions.

Anatomy and Physiology Questions

The Skeletal System: Module 1

  1. Question: How many bones make up the adult human skeleton?
    • A) 195
    • B) 206
    • C) 220
    • D) 230
  2. Question: Which type of bone is the femur classified as?
    • A) Flat bone
    • B) Short bone
    • C) Long bone
    • D) Irregular bone

Module 2: Joints of the Body

  1. Question: Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
    • A) Hinge joint
    • B) Pivot joint
    • C) Ball and socket joint
    • D) Saddle joint
  2. Question: What type of joint is found in the elbow?
    • A) Ball and socket joint
    • B) Hinge joint
    • C) Gliding joint
    • D) Pivot joint

Module 3: Posture

  1. Question: What is kyphosis?
    • A) An inward curvature of the spine
    • B) A lateral curvature of the spine
    • C) An exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine
    • D) A normal spinal curvature
  2. Question: Which term describes the normal, slight inward curvature of the lumbar spine?
    • A) Scoliosis
    • B) Lordosis
    • C) Kyphosis
    • D) Spina bifida

The Structure of a Muscle: Module 4

  1. Question: What is the basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber?
    • A) Myofibril
    • B) Sarcomere
    • C) Actin
    • D) Myosin
  2. Question: Which theory explains muscle contraction?
    • A) Sliding filament theory
    • B) Cross-bridge theory
    • C) Muscle spindle theory
    • D) T-tubule theory

Lower Body Muscles: Module 5

  1. Question: Which muscle is known as the calf muscle?
    • A) Quadriceps
    • B) Hamstrings
    • C) Gastrocnemius
    • D) Gluteus maximus
  2. Question: What is the primary action of the quadriceps muscle group?
    • A) Flexion of the knee
    • B) Extension of the knee
    • C) Rotation of the hip
    • D) Abduction of the thigh

Upper Body Muscles: Module 6

  1. Question: Which muscle is responsible for shoulder abduction?
    • A) Deltoid
    • B) Pectoralis major
    • C) Latissimus dorsi
    • D) Trapezius
  2. Question: What is the primary function of the biceps brachii?
    • A) Flexion of the elbow
    • B) Extension of the elbow
    • C) Pronation of the forearm
    • D) Abduction of the arm

The Nervous System: Module 7

  1. Question: What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
    • A) Axon
    • B) Neuron
    • C) Dendrite
    • D) Synapse
  2. Question: Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
    • A) Autonomic nervous system
    • B) Central nervous system
    • C) Somatic nervous system
    • D) Sympathetic nervous system

The Cardiovascular System: Module 8

  1. Question: What is the primary function of the heart?
    • A) Filter blood
    • B) Pump blood throughout the body
    • C) Produce blood cells
    • D) Store blood
  2. Question: Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
    • A) Veins
    • B) Capillaries
    • C) Arteries
    • D) Venules

The Respiratory System: Module 9

  1. Question: What is the primary muscle involved in breathing?
    • A) Diaphragm
    • B) Intercostal muscles
    • C) Abdominal muscles
    • D) Pectoral muscles
  2. Question: Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
    • A) Trachea
    • B) Bronchi
    • C) Alveoli
    • D) Larynx

Energy Systems: Module 10

  1. Question: Which energy system is primarily used for high-intensity, short-duration activities?
    • A) Aerobic system
    • B) Anaerobic glycolysis
    • C) ATP-PC system
    • D) Oxidative system
  2. Question: Which energy system relies on oxygen for ATP production?
    • A) ATP-PC system
    • B) Anaerobic glycolysis
    • C) Lactic acid system
    • D) Aerobic system

The Digestive System: Module 11

  1. Question: Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?
    • A) Stomach
    • B) Small intestine
    • C) Large intestine
    • D) Esophagus
  2. Question: Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrates in the mouth?
    • A) Pepsin
    • B) Lipase
    • C) Amylase
    • D) Trypsin

Health and Wellbeing: Module 12

  1. Question: What does the term “total fitness” encompass?
    • A) Physical health only
    • B) Mental health only
    • C) Physical, mental, and social health
    • D) Physical and mental health only
  2. Question: What is one key factor in promoting health and wellbeing?
    • A) Regular exercise
    • B) Isolated living
    • C) High stress levels
    • D) Poor diet

Anatomy and Physiology Answers…

1: B) 206 Explanation: The adult human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.

2: C) Long bone Explanation: The femur is a long bone, which is characterized by being longer than it is wide.

3: C) Ball and socket joint Explanation: Ball and socket joints, like the shoulder and hip, allow for the greatest range of motion.

4: B) Hinge joint Explanation: The elbow is a hinge joint, which allows for bending and straightening motions.

5: C) An exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine Explanation: Kyphosis is an excessive outward curvature of the thoracic region, leading to a hunched back.

6: B) Lordosis Explanation: Lordosis is the normal, slight inward curvature of the lumbar spine.

7: B) Sarcomere Explanation: The sarcomere is the basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber.

8: A) Sliding filament theory Explanation: The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction through the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.

9: C) Gastrocnemius Explanation: The gastrocnemius is the large muscle located in the back of the lower leg, commonly known as the calf muscle.

10: B) Extension of the knee Explanation: The quadriceps muscle group primarily functions to extend the knee.

11: A) Deltoid Explanation: The deltoid muscle is responsible for shoulder abduction.

12: A) Flexion of the elbow Explanation: The biceps brachii primarily functions to flex the elbow.

13: B) Neuron Explanation: The neuron is the basic functional unit of the nervous system.

14: C) Somatic nervous system Explanation: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements.

15: B) Pump blood throughout the body Explanation: The heart’s primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

16: C) Arteries Explanation: Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body’s tissues.

17: A) Diaphragm Explanation: The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in breathing, contracting and relaxing to allow air into the lungs.

18: C) Alveoli Explanation: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

19: C) ATP-PC system Explanation: The ATP-PC system provides energy for high-intensity, short-duration activities lasting up to 10 seconds.

20: D) Aerobic system Explanation: The aerobic system relies on oxygen to produce ATP for prolonged, low-intensity activities.

21: B) Small intestine Explanation: The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine.

22: C) Amylase Explanation: Amylase is the enzyme in saliva that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.

23: C) Physical, mental, and social health Explanation: Total fitness includes physical, mental, and social health, promoting overall well-being.

24: A) Regular exercise Explanation: Regular exercise is a key factor in promoting health and well-being.

Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers for Beginners

These 24 Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers are a great start for Beginners, especially if you are revising for your level 2 anatomy exam as a trainee fitness professional.

If you want more mock questions like this, then you can download more Free Mock Questions: DOWNLOAD NOW

Bonus: How To Unpick Tough Fitness Exam Mock Questions

This bonus web class replay will show you how to unpick tough Fitness Exam Mock Questions in 5 Simple Step, so you can pass your exam with confidence.

You’ll discover:

  • The BIGGEST culprit behind why trainee fitness professionals fail their exams.
  • A simple 5-Step formula to use on every exam question and guarantee yourself a pass.
  • Follow along as we break down 3-example mock questions and tackle the 5-Step Formula together.
How To Unpick Tough Fitness Exam Mock Questions

Recap the 5 Steps below and use the mock Questions to practice the formula

The KINGS FORMULA – 5 Steps to reading an exam question

Before we jump into the 5 steps of the KINGS formula, start by covering up the suggested answer on your Multiple Choice Exam Paper, so you can only see the question.

K = Keywords (what are the keywords and phrases in the question)
I = I know (what do I know about these keywords)
N = Necessity (re-read the question, what does it NEED you to know)
G = Guess (without looking at the answers have a guess)
S = Select an Answer (reveal the multiple-choice answers and select the one that links best to your guess)

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L2 Anatomy Exam

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Parallel Coaching

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